The relationship between India and China has deteriorated. As the two world powers compete for control of the Himalayan region, they are engaged in an ongoing border dispute.

A disputed border that stretches 3,440km (2,100 miles) is at the root of the problem.

Along the frontier, rivers, lakes, and snowcaps can shift the line, bringing soldiers face to face at many points, sparking hostilities.

Along the Line of Actual Control, which is also known as the border, the two nations compete to build infrastructure. A deadly clash with Chinese troops is expected in 2020 due to India’s construction of a new road to a high-altitude air base.

Even though military-level talks have taken place, tensions persist. There was a clash between troops in December 2022 for the first time in over a year.

In the eastern tip of India, near the Tawang sector of Arunachal Pradesh state, the accident occurred. There were a few minor injuries among the soldiers.

Since a major clash in June 2020, de-escalation efforts have been underway. Galwan Valley was the first fatal confrontation between the two sides since 1975, fought with sticks and clubs rather than guns.

There were at least 20 Indian soldiers and four Chinese soldiers killed.

In January 2021, both sides suffered injuries in another face-off. The incident occurred between Bhutan and Nepal, near the Indian state of Sikkim.

China accused India of firing shots at its troops in September 2021. A Chinese missile was fired into the air, according to India.

Near the border, guns and explosives are prohibited under a 1996 agreement.